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IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

alexnor

New member
Kissimmee, FL
Aircraft Year
1978
Aircraft Type
112TCA
Reg Number
N4676W
Serial Number
13252
I wanted to share an experience from last Sunday in case it helps anyone in the group. I am an IFR rated Pilot flying my 112TCA.

Last Sunday I scheduled an IFR practice flight with a friend who is a VFR pilot. The plan was to practice some no gyro approaches. He was running late, and I took off from KPQL and picked him up at KGPT around 5pm or so. When I took off the dew point and the temp where about 3 degrees apart, but it was VFR with unlimited visibility and very blue skies. We then proceeded to KHSA and flew the approach. It was clear that weather was coming inland and at that point I got concerned. I re-filed IFR and headed back to KPQL, a short 25 min flight.

By the time I had reached KPQL it was night, which I fly from time to time. The tower had recently closed, and automated weather was reporting 800 ft ceilings. I asked Mobile Approach for the RNAV 17 approach. I was surprised the weather had moved in incredibly fast and at about 900 ft we were in thick fog descending on the approach. This is normally the altitude I would be ok breaking out of instead of flying into. The approach mins for this approach are 217 ft 1/2 vis. We got to 300 ft and the airport runway was nowhere in sight. It was all fog. I executed the missed approach and requested to head to KGPT where the tower was opened, commercial traffic land, and there is better runway lighting. ATIS was reporting 800 ft ceilings and I asked approach to double check at that moment to ensure the ATIS was current. They told me they had a jet taking off and they would get a PIREP from him. It turns out it was 300 ft overcast. Now the ILS 14 Z minimums are 227 1/2 mile. We looked at fuel, explored VFR alternatives but decided to give it one more shot. I say only one more shot because I have read many accident reports about IFR pilots crashing after getting tired after trying multiple unsuccessful approaches instead of going somewhere else.

At 800 feet we were again in the thick of the fog down to 300 feet when we began to break out, saw the runway lights and landed.

The first thing I have to say is that I practice this under the hood often. Sometimes with my VFR friend and other times with my CFII. The hood with the knowledge of another pilot gives you a sense of security and comfort that, at least for me, did not exist I encountered the real thing. I admit, that the first approach definitely shook me. The second I was a little more relaxed but I will not deny that I was very concerned about the risks of going down to 73 feet short of the minimums. By the time I parked the plane I was very shaken by the experience. I am not a commercial pilot and have no real need to put myself through the minimums in real life.

Where was my mistake? It was the fact that I did not put together what now seems obvious. The temp was close to the dew point before I took off late afternoon. I did not consider that when the sun would begin to come down the temp would easily hit the dew point and the weather would deteriorate. Being by the ocean, and the time of year for this area, did not help this either. The weather has been the same since then and still through today.

Even though these kinds of situations can be upsetting and embarrassing I feel that it is good to share them so hopefully this experience can help prevent the same from happening to others.
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

Alex- That happened to me one morning going from your home airport to Lakefront. They were advertising 3 miles. I asked for a pop-up & vectors for the ILS since I couldn't see the shoreline or the city. They seemed really inconvenienced but complied.

Lakefront Runway 18 doesn't show up well in low vis. Same deal. Early morning fog moved in right after sunrise. Forecast was VFR -- short hop no worries....... It can bite you. k
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

It can also happen the other way (you already expect IFR but you get really LIFR)

took off DCA (when it was GA open in 2001) . filed IFR to CDW (LOC only - 560' min) with alternate KTEB (ILS to 200').

Flew to KCDW - arrived. Flew down the LOC and was still ABOVE the fog layer at minimums at 500 feet. Diverted to KTEB. Cleared for ILS-6. it wasn't reassuring to hear the GIV in front of you go missed. Tower asked for RVR report if i made it in. At minimums- there was faint hint of lights with the needles centered but i wasn't positive it was approach lighting - went missed.

Next twr transmission : 6MA - say intentions. Great - my destination is below min ; my alternate mins didnt work out. I asked for a hold. Was advised the GIV that went missed at KTEB just landed KMMU. Asked for ILS23 at MMU and broke out just at minimums.

Story being - even if you expect to flyIFR, you can end up with LIFR below minimums and lots of fuel and another plan is a good thing to hold in your back pocket.
I arrived when it was forecast to improve and it didnt. Another 30 mins and it was SVFR all over

I sat down at KMMU for an hour. And then flew VFR back to KCDW (my homebase back in 2001).
 
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Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

Hey Kelly,

I visit Lake Front often. Runway 18 with the water, wow. Must of been something in low vis.

This one was a first for me and I learned my lesson.

Thanks for sharing. It helps us all.


Alex

Alex- That happened to me one morning going from your home airport to Lakefront. They were advertising 3 miles. I asked for a pop-up & vectors for the ILS since I couldn't see the shoreline or the city. They seemed really inconvenienced but complied.

Lakefront Runway 18 doesn't show up well in low vis. Same deal. Early morning fog moved in right after sunrise. Forecast was VFR -- short hop no worries....... It can bite you. k
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

This another good experience. Thank you for sharing.

I do have to say that having to deal with the missed while being in the mud flying the missed while keeping the eye on the MAP not to over boost while retracting the landing gear and pulling up flaps plus opening cowl flaps sure keeps you busy. TC and TCA guys understand what I mean.


It can also happen the other way (you already expect IFR but you get really LIFR)

took off DCA (when it was GA open in 2001) . filed IFR to CDW (LOC only - 560' min) with alternate KTEB (ILS to 200').

Flew to KCDW - arrived. Flew down the LOC and was still ABOVE the fog layer at minimums at 500 feet. Diverted to KTEB. Cleared for ILS-6. it wasn't reassuring to hear the GIV in front of you go missed. Tower asked for RVR report if i made it in. At minimums- there was faint hint of lights with the needles centered but i wasn't positive it was approach lighting - went missed.

Next twr transmission : 6MA - say intentions. Great - my destination is below min ; my alternate mins didnt work out. I asked for a hold. Was advised the GIV that went missed at KTEB just landed KMMU. Asked for ILS23 at MMU and broke out just at minimums.

Story being - even if you expect to flyIFR, you can end up with LIFR below minimums and lots of fuel and another plan is a good thing to hold in your back pocket.
I arrived when it was forecast to improve and it didnt. Another 30 mins and it was SVFR all over

I sat down at KMMU for an hour. And then flew VFR back to KCDW (my homebase back in 2001).
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

This another good experience. Thank you for sharing.

I do have to say that having to deal with the missed while being in the mud flying the missed while keeping the eye on the MAP not to over boost while retracting the landing gear and pulling up flaps plus opening cowl flaps sure keeps you busy. TC and TCA guys understand what I mean.

On go-around - no need to go to 40 inches and worry about the overboost redline.
Just go to 36 inches ; gear up, clean up flaps and the plane will climb out nicely at 90 kts . ( i use a 95 knot approach speed).

One distraction i had a couple of times was when my carpet was interfering with the e-dump lever. Once gear came up, on go-around (even w/ gear selected up) the pump kept running , 3 in the green. The plane will still climb out fine regardless. Quick reachdown and push e-dump up and IN and off she goes. But yeah - keep practicing approach and going missed.
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

Now that's what I call 'serious' IFR (Sorry Scott).

Thanks for the safety tip, for those that don't frequent overwater night flight, it is a real attention getter. Departing VFR out of Destin Fla where it is routine to depart to the south (over water) and just as soon as you leave the beach front, its like you are flying in a black hole . .

I've only shot down to minimums once and I've never gone missed in the real world (IMC).
My personal preference / minimums is 900' and a mile.

The time I did breakout at minimums was with load of other rated aviators. Stopped in Ponca City OK for refuel at night enroute to Manhattan KS. I did the ramp service and our Safety Officer (of all people) checked the wx with FSS then handed me a sheet that read (20 Ovc 1/2mile) I thought that is strange 2,000 and 1/2 but whatever . .
He had meant to write 200' Ovc 1/2 mile . . Man was I surprised when we could finally pickup the ATIS . . . We had four sets of eyes looking for the lights on that ILS approach . . . Lights sure looked sweet burning through the low ceiling. Don't think I was shook, more like 'wired' after that approach.
 
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Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

Now that's what I call 'serious' IFR (Sorry Scott).


Agreed!! Thanks for sharing the info. I don't run into much "over-the-water" here in New Mexico, but the lesson is applicable. Always be sure to keep a very close eye on the weather when IFR.

John - while in Ponca City, did you eat at Enrique's Mexican Restaurant at the airport? On our family trip to IL in Dec. 2017 we overnighted in Ponca City; the restaurant had some of the best mexican food IMHO. (and I eat alot of mexican food!).
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

John - while in Ponca City, did you eat at Enrique's Mexican Restaurant at the airport? On our family trip to IL in Dec. 2017 we overnighted in Ponca City; the restaurant had some of the best mexican food IMHO. (and I eat alot of mexican food!).[/QUOTE]

Charlie, that was back in the mid-80's and we did a quick stop and go in Ponca City wanted to get back to Ks asap.

Days before tablets with in-cockpit wx, No GPS, we thought we were bad by having a RNAV radio, if you could receive a VOR radial you could program your own waypoints - basically straightening out the Victor airways and getting a DME type countdown to the waypoints.
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

Days before tablets with in-cockpit wx, No GPS, we thought we were bad by having a RNAV radio, if you could receive a VOR radial you could program your own waypoints - basically straightening out the Victor airways and getting a DME type countdown to the waypoints.

I remember those days! Got my instrument in 1981 on dual VORs & ADF. The first time I flew with a DME I could not believe how incredible it was! Yes, back then those with RNAV were true bad-a*s!

If you ever do go through Ponca City again, I heartily recommend the on-field restaurant, Enrique's, by the way.
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

These are all helpful points.

On mine I saw the issue with the carpet when we were rebuilding the plane and cut around it to prevent it. Good call for all who are reading though.

On go-around - no need to go to 40 inches and worry about the overboost redline.
Just go to 36 inches ; gear up, clean up flaps and the plane will climb out nicely at 90 kts . ( i use a 95 knot approach speed).

One distraction i had a couple of times was when my carpet was interfering with the e-dump lever. Once gear came up, on go-around (even w/ gear selected up) the pump kept running , 3 in the green. The plane will still climb out fine regardless. Quick reachdown and push e-dump up and IN and off she goes. But yeah - keep practicing approach and going missed.
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

Thank you for sharing your experience Alex.
Regardless of how many hours, or qualifications any one of us have, a significant negative delta in the weather actually experienced compared to forecast is always noteworthy operating experience to be shared.
Much appreciated.
Pete
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

Thanks for sharing this. The bottom line is that you successfully flew the approaches and more than anything else WENT MISSED when you reached DA and did not identify the runway. That is where pilots get in trouble - they don't go missed.

I agree that "the hood" is not really the same as real IMC, but the fact that you practiced under the hood prepared you more than you think for successfully flying a real IFR approach to minimums.

I went out and flew three approaches today with my CFI just because it had been since December since I flew an actual approach in IMC. My routine is to fly three approaches - one ILS (vectors to final), one RNAV, and one RNAV hand flying. It takes about an hour but sure does keep me current for when I do need to fly an approach with a fairly low ceiling.

Most of us have an AP and that alone can get you in trouble if you don't practice flying in IMC manually.

Anyway, nice job. You did good.
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

Couple of thoughts Alex. First, good job and not fudging minimums and being wary of multiple attempts in a single location. Sure fire ways to break links in the accident chain.

Something I have learned to do on approach is when the gear goes down the cowl flaps come open. Offers two benefits,... eliminates chance of fogeting to open them on a missed and alllows the turbo and exhaust to begin to slowly cool a bit. No shock cooling issue at this point and if you are planning a gas-and-go, less chance of vaporized fuel in the lines from excess turbo heat while you are fueling. Makes restarts a piece of cake.

Over the years, I made a good number of approaches to absolute mins (one just last month) and missed a few that were no joy at mins (2.5 at Lake City that will make a good story sometime at a fly-in). I feel that one key to a relaxed (well, reasonably relaxed anyway) true LIFR approach is to have an absolute locked in alternate reasonably nearby if the approach doesn’t work. Then no pressure to make the low approach work much like Moazzam described. Easy peasy to bug out to your solid Plan B. If there isn’t a solid Plan B nearby, then commencing the initial approach might be questioned before it begins.
 
Re: IFR in IMC in the 112TCA

Thank you everyone for sharing your experiences and for your compliments. As you know, the learning never ends. Like all of you, I always appreciate knowing what other pilots have been through wether its good or bad. It is good information that always makes a difference.
 
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